Computer Fundamental Applications
Business
A computer has high speed of calculation,
diligence, accuracy, reliability, or versatility which has made it an
integrated part in all business organizations.
Computer is used in business organizations for:
· Payroll calculations
· Budgeting
· Sales analysis
· Financial forecasting
· Managing employee database
· Maintenance of stocks, etc.
Banking
Today, banking is almost totally dependent on
computers.
Banks provide the following facilities:
· Online accounting facility, which includes
checking current balance, making deposits and overdrafts, checking interest
charges, shares, and trustee records.
· ATM machines which are completely automated
are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks.
Insurance
Insurance companies are keeping all records
up-to-date with the help of computers. Insurance companies, finance houses, and
stock broking firms are widely using computers for their concerns.
Insurance companies are maintaining a database
of all clients with information showing:
· Procedure to continue with policies
· Starting date of the policies
· Next due installment of a policy
· Maturity date
· Interests due
· Survival benefits
· Bonus
Education
The computer helps in providing a lot of facilities in the education
system.
· The computer provides a tool in the education
system known as CBE (Computer Based Education).
· CBE involves control, delivery, and evaluation
of learning.
· Computer education is rapidly increasing the
graph of number of computer students.
· There are a number of methods in which
educational institutions can use a computer to educate the students.
· It
is used to
prepare a database
about
performance of a student and analysis is
carried out on this basis.
Marketing
In marketing, uses of the computer are following:
· Advertising - With computers, advertising professionals create art and
graphics, write and revise copy, and print and disseminate ads with the goal of
selling more products.
· Home Shopping - Home shopping has been made possible
through the use of computerized catalogues that provide access to product
information and permit direct entry of orders to be filled by the customers.
Healthcare
Computers have become an important part in
hospitals, labs, and dispensaries. They are being used in hospitals to keep the
record of patients and medicines. It is also used in scanning and diagnosing
different diseases. ECG, EEG, ultrasounds and CT scans, etc. are also done by
computerized machines.
Following are some major fields of health care in which computers are
used.
· Diagnostic System - Computers are used to collect data and
identify the cause of illness.
· Lab-diagnostic System - All tests can be done and the reports
are prepared by computer.
· Patient Monitoring System - These are used to check the patient's
signs for abnormality such as in Cardiac Arrest, ECG, etc.
Pharma Information System
- Computer is used to check drug labels,
expiry dates, harmful side effects, etc.
· Surgery - Nowadays, computers are also used in performing surgery.
Engineering Design
Computers are widely used for Engineering purpose.
One of the major areas is CAD (Computer Aided Design) that provides
creation and modification of images. Some of the fields are:
· Structural Engineering - Requires stress and strain analysis
for design of ships, buildings, budgets, airplanes, etc.
· Industrial Engineering - Computers deal with design,
implementation, and improvement of integrated systems of people, materials, and
equipment.
· Architectural Engineering - Computers help in planning towns,
designing buildings, determining a range of buildings on a site using both 2D
and 3D drawings.
Military
Computers are largely used in defence. Modern
tanks, missiles, weapons, etc. Military also employs computerized control
systems. Some military areas where a computer has been used are:
· Missile Control
· Military Communication
· Military Operation and Planning
· Smart Weapons
Communication
Communication is a way to convey a message, an idea, a picture, or
speech that is received and understood clearly and correctly by the person
for whom it is meant. Some main areas in this
category are:
· E-mail
· Chatting
· Usenet
· FTP
· Telnet
· Video-conferencing
Government
Computers play an important role in government services. Some major
fields in this category are:
· Budgets
· Sales tax department
· Income tax department
· Computation of male/female ratio
· Computerization of voters lists
· Computerization of PAN card
· Weather forecasting
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